Asalin hoton, ELOISE ALANNA/BBC
Bara, kusan bakin haure 40,000 suka shiga kasar Canada ta barauniyar hanya ta wani kauye da ke bayan birnin New York-wanda wannan ne adadi mafi yawa- domin neman mafaka. Da yawansu suna suna zuwa kasar ne da tunanin ta fi tarbar baki sama da Amurka. Amma shin Canada za ta iya jure karbar dimbin bakin nan?
Watarana cikin sanyi, titin Roxham ya kasance tsit. Kwatsam sai ka wata mota ta tunkaro karshen titin ga kuma motsin sahu a dusar kankara.
Kimanin bakin haure 150 ne ake saukewa a wannan wajen a kullum masu burin shiga kasar Canada. Da yawansu sun taso daga can nisan duniya ne har daga Brazil, inda wannan hanyar da ke birnin New York ke kasancewa hanyar isar da su zuwa Canada.
Roxham barauniyar hanya ce. Babu ma’aikatan shige da fice, sai dai ’yan sanda kawai da suke kama masu tsallakawa.
Amma hanyar ta yi kaurin suna a matsayin hanyar da ake shiga Canada daga Amurka domin neman mafaka.
Bara ne shekarar da aka fi samun bakin haure da suka shigo Canada ta wannan hanyar-Dubban mutanen suna sha’awar kasar ne saboda labarin kasar da suka samu cewa tana maraba dab akin da suka tsere saboda yaki.
Sai dai yawan zuwa kasar da ake yi ya jawo damuwa, sannan yana sanya fargabar aminci da kuma tambayar yaya za a yi da dimbin mutanen da suka shigowa.
An fara samun labarin hanyar Roxham ne a shekarar 2017 lokacin da bakin haure masu yawan gaske, wanda suka gudu saboda yaki suka fara bin hanyar.
Wasu sun ta’allaka kaurin sunan hanyar ne da tsoron kamu da mayar da bakin hauren zuwa kasashensu da aka yi na Gwamnatin Amurka a lokacin Trump, wasu kuma suna ganin maganar da Firayi Ministan Justin Trudeau ya yi ne, inda ya ce, “Ga wadanda suke tserewa daga kasashensu saboda fargaba ko ta’addanci ko yaki, mutanen Canada na maraba da ku.”
Adadin masu shigowar sai suka shammaci jami’an tsaron kasar. Sai da aka mayar da Filin Wasan Montreal wajen zama ga bakin na wucin gadi. Gwamnatin Tarayyar kasar ta yi kokarin rage lamarin, inda ta ce shigowa kasar ba yana nufin lasisin cigaba da zama ba ne.
Sai annobar Covid-19 ta sa aka kulle hanyar bisa dokar hana yaduwar cutar da Gwamnatin Tarayyar kasar ta yi.
Asalin hoton, ELOISE ALANNA/BBC
Sai dai jim kadan bayan dage wannan dokar kimanin wata 16 da suka gabata, sai dubban bakin suka cigaba da shigowa.
Da yawa sun zo daga Haiti, kasar a watannin da suka gabata take ta fama da rikice-rikicen siyasa da dabanci. Haka kuma akwai dimbin bakin da suka shigo daga kasashen yankin Amurka kamar Venezuela da Colombia, ko kuma can Afghanistan, wadanda dukkansu suke fama da irin tasu matsalolin.
Haka kuma gwamnatin Biden ta cigaba da tsaurara wasu matakan da Gwannatin Trump ta dauka kamar dokar Title 42, wadda take hana shigowa Amurka ta kasa ta tsakaninta da Mexico.
Wasu bakin da suka zanta da BBC a Quebec sun ce suna ganin Amurka a matsayin kasar da ba ta maraba da baki, inda za a iya lura da bukatun masu neman mafaka cikin sauri.
Joshua ya isa Montreal ne kwana biyu bayan Kirsimeti, inda yanzu haka yake zama tare da wasu bakin hauren a wani gidan haya da suka kama inda yake zaman sauraron ko za a amsa bukatarsa ta zama mai neman mafaka.
Joshua wanda dan asalin kasar Venezuela ne, ya yi shekara biyar yana gudun hijira a kasar Chile ba tare da takardun zama ba, kafin ya yanke shawarar ta tafi kasar Canada, kamar yadda ya shaida wa BBC.
“Wasu kasashen ba sa maraba da baki,” inji Joshua, wanda aka sauya sunansa domin ba shi kariya kasancewar yana gudun hijira ne domin tseratar da ransa.
Amma a cewarsa, an yi maraba da shi a kasar Canada.
Bayan haka akwai tsohuwar yarjejeniyar da ta kusa shekara 20 da kasar Amurka-wadda ake kira Safe Third Country Agreement- wadda a cikinta aka tsara cewa mai gudun hijira zai nema mafaka ne a kasar da ya fara shiga.
Mai neman mafaka da ya zo daga Amurka da ya shigo Canada za a mayar da shi ne da zarar ya isa boda, amma sai ake amfani da barauniyar hanyar Roxham.
Mista Trudeau ya ki amincewa ya kulle hanyar, inda ya ce ba zai yiwu ba kasancewar akwai hanya mai dubban kilomita a tsakaninsu da Amurka, a cewarsa hakan zai sa bakin su yi kasadar bin wasu hanyoyin masu hatsari.
Maimakon haka, sai ya fi mayar da hankali a kan sake duba tanade-tanaden yarjejeniyar-lamarin da yake so ya sake tattaunawa da Shugaba Joe Biden idan ya ziyarci Ottawa a wannan makon.
Amma ana ta kira ga Firayi Ministan kasar a kan ya dauki mataki domin bakin suna rage abubuwan jin dadi ga ’yan kasar, musamma a birnin Quebec, inda nan ne bakin suka fi yawa.
Firimiyan Quebec, Francois Legault ya ce lamarin ba dadi ga yankin, inda ya ce lamarin ya tsuke ayyukan jin dadi da mutanen yankin ke bukata, sannan wasu bakin ba su da masauki saboda yawansu.
“Lamarin yana kara zama matsala domin tarbar bakin nan cikin mutunci,” inji shi a watan Fabrailu.
Haka kuma bakin suna fama da dadewa a layi kasancewar masu jiran amincewar suna da yawa, inda adadinsu ya kai daga 56,300 a Janairu zuwa kusan 71,000 a watan Disamba-kusan karin kashi 26. Yanzu neman mafakan yakan dauki kusan shekara biyu kafin a amince. Kusan kashi 28 na bukatar neman mafakar ba a amince da su ba a bara, wanda hakan ke nufin ba dole ba ne a amince da mutum bayan dadewa yana jira.
Haka akwai daukar lokaci mai tsawo kafin a samu damar fara aiki.
A da yakan dauki makonni ne kafin a amince da mutum ya fara neman aiki a matsayin shi na bako, amma yanzu ana jira na kusan shekara biyu, inji Maryse Poisson, wanda yake aiki a Kamfanin Collevtive, wanda ke taimakawa bakin mazauna Montreal.
Asalin hoton, ELOISE ALANNA/BBC
Bakin da dama suna fama da wahalar samun na sakawa a bakin salati, wasu sun bige ne da neman tallafin abinci a daidai lokacin da suke jiya, kamar yadda wani mai fafutika ya shaida wa BBC.
“Wasu sun kai matakin da dole suke yin kananan ayyuka a boye,” inji Suzanne Taffot, wadda lauya ce mai kare hakkin bakin haure da ke zaune a Montreal wadda ke taimakon masu neman mafaka wajen samun damar zama.
Mis Poisson ta ce tana fargabar wasunsu na fama da matsaloli sosai ba tare da samun tallafi daga gwamnati ba.
“Muna cikin tsananin damuwa ganin cewa marasa karfi daga cikinsu da wadanda suke fama da damuwa da wadanda suka fama da bambamcin harshe ba sa samun taimakon da suke bukata,” inji ta.
Jami’an bodar Amurka sun lura da mutane da dama da suke tsallakowa daga Canada. A Janairu, jami’an sun kama mutum 367 da suke yunkurin tsallakowa daga Arewa zuwa Kudu-sama da adadin wadanda suka tsallako a shekara 12 da suka gabata.
Tuni ’yan majalisar Jam’iyyar Republican suka bayyana lamarin da ‘rikici’ da ke neman faruwa a bodar Arewacin kasar.
Wasu daga cikin wadanda suka dawo din, sun yi hakan ne saboda gajiya da zama ba tare da samun aikin yi ba a Canada, ko kuma domin su koma wajen iyalansu, kamar yadda masu aiki da masu neman mafaka a Montreal suka bayyana.
Duk da karuwar matsaloli a Canada, har yanzu bakin haure na bin hanyar Roxham suna shiga kasar ba tare da damuwa da tsananin sanyin kasar ta Canada ba.
A bangaren tsallakawa ta New York, direbobin tasi, Terry Provost da Tyler Tambini sun ce suna yawan diban fasinjoji zuwa bodar daga tashar bas ta Plattsburgh-wani lokacin ma kyauta suke daukarsu saboda guzurinsu ya kare a hanya.
“Wannan mutumin ba shi da kudi. Ya dade yana jira a wajen cin abinci,” inji Mista Provost a lokacin da ya ajiye wani fasinja mai neman mafaka da ya zo daga Afghanistan.
Da zarar sun tsallaka, sai su yi kicibis da ’yan sandan Canada, inda a nan take suke tarbarsu.
Wajen, wanda a da daji ne mai bishoyoyi, amma tun a shekarar 2017 ya zama wajen aikin ’yan sanda da manyan motocin daukar wadanda suka tsallako da motocin bas da suke zirga-zirgar kai bakin zuwa otel da ke kusa.
Mista Provost ya ce ya lura da yadda mutane suke kasancewa cikin fargaba, kasancewar ba su da tabbas na abun da zai faru da su.
Amma a wajen baki kamar Joshua, Canada ce kasa mafi aminci da zai iya zuwa.
“Burin zuwa Amurka ya tafi da dadewa,” inji shi a zantawarsa da BBC. “Montreal ne sabon garina, garin da shi kadai nake da shi yanzu.”
