Pele: Mashahurin ɗan wasan da ya fito da hasken ƙwallon ƙafa a duniya

An haifi Edson Arantes do Nascimento ranar 23 ga watan Oktoban 1940 a Tres Coracoes, wani birni da ke kudu maso gabashin Brazil.

Takardar shaidar haihuwarsa ta nuna an haife shi ne ranar 21 ga watan Oktoba, amma Pele ya dage cewa ba haka ba ne: “A Brazil ba mu cika damuwa mu yi komai daidai ba.”

Ya ci sunan wani mai baiwar ƙirƙire-ƙirƙire, Thomas Alva Edison, saboda a cewar Pele, lantarki ya zo gidansu ne kafin zuwansa.

Daga baya mahaifansa suka cire “i” daga jikin sunansa, inda suke kiran sa da Edson kawai.

Ya girma ne a birnin Bauru inda a iya cewa wuri ne na talakawa, kuma ya bai wa iyayensa gudunmawar kuɗaɗen shiga ta hanyar zuwa aiki na rabin rana a shagunan sayar da gahawa.

Mahaifinsa ne ya koya masa ƙwallon ƙafa, sai dai gidansu ba su da kuɗin da za a iya saya masa ƙwallo – don haka matashin Pele sau tari sai dai ya duddunƙule safar ƙafa ya yi ta bugawa a kan titi.

A makaranta ne abokansa suka fara yi masa laƙabi da suna Pele, ko da yake daga shi, har su ɗin, babu wanda ya san abin da hakan yake nufi.

Bai cika son laƙabin ba, yana jin tamkar irin “gwalangwalantun yara” ne a cikin harshen Fotugal.

Ya fara buga wasan ƙwallon ƙafa da wasu ƙananan ƙungiyoyi na gida lokacin da yake kan ƙuruciyarsa.

Lokacin ne wasannin ƙwallo a rufaffen fili suka fara tashe a yankin, matashin Pele yana ɗokin canjin filin buga wasa.

“Na ɗauki wasan kamar kifi ne a cikin ruwa,” ya ce daga bisani.

“Ƙwallo ta fi sauri idan an kwatanta da bugawa a kan ciyawa – sai ka kasance mai tunani cikin sauri sosai.

“Ya kuma jagoranci ƙungiyar matasan Bauru Athletic Club zuwa gasannin matasa na jiha uku, inda ya fito da kansa a matsayin haziƙin ɗan baiwa.

A shekarar 1956, kocinsa, Waldemar de Brito, ya ɗauke shi ya kai shi birnin Santos na gaɓar teku don gwada ƙwarewarsa da Santos FC, wani kulob na ƙwararrun ‘yan ƙwallo.

Tuni dai shi De Brito ya riga ya gamsu da ƙwazon ɗalibinsa, inda ya riƙa zuga Pele a gaban daraktocin Santos da cewa ɗan wasan zai zama mafi shahara a fagen ƙwallon ƙafa na duniya.

Pele kuwa bai ba shi kunya ba, har ma ya burge ƙungiyar Santos wadda ta ba shi kwanturagi a watan Yunin 1956.

Yana ɗan shekara 15 kacal a lokacin.

Bayan shekara ɗaya, sai aka ɗauke shi a babbar ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Santos, inda ya ci ta farko a cikin ƙwallaye masu yawa da ya jefa raga a tsawon shekarun sana’arsa, a wasan farko na gasa.

Cikin sauri ya samar wa kansa matsayi na ‘yan wasan da ake fara bugawa da su a ƙungiyar kuma a shekararsa ta farko ne ya zama ɗan wasan da ya fi kowa cin ƙwallo a gasar.

Watansa 10 kacal da fara buga wasa a matsayin furofeshinal, sai aka kira Pele don ya je ya buga wa ƙasarsa Brazil.

Ya yi bayyanarsa ta farko a karawar ƙasashen duniya da Argentina a filin Maracana, inda aka ci Brazil 2 da 1.

Pele ɗan shekara 16 ne ya ci musu ƙwallon ɗaya, inda ya kafa tarihin zama ɗan wasa mafi yarinta da ya ci ƙwallo a karawar ƙasashen duniya.

Burinsa na buga wa Brazil wasa a Gasar cin Kofin Duniya ta 1958, ga alama kamar ya bi ruwa, lokacin da ya ji rauni a gwiwa.

Sai dai abokan ƙwallonsa sun matsa wa shugabannin ƙungiyar lamba a kan sai sun tafi da shi, inda kuma ya fara bayyana a Gasar cin Kofin Duniya ta hanyar buga wasa da Tarayyar Sobiyet (Rasha).

Babu makawa, ya zama ɗan wasa mafi yarinta da ya ci ƙwallo a Gasar cin Kofin Duniya, inda ya jefa ɗaya a karawarsu da Wales yayin wasan daf da kusa da na ƙarshe.

A wasan kusa da na ƙarshe, Brazil ta sha gaban Faransa da ci 2 – 1 lokacin da Pele ya ci ƙwallo uku a rabin lokaci na ƙarshe, abin da ya kawar da duk wani shakku a wasan.

Haka kuma ya ƙara ƙwallo biyu a karawar ƙarshe da Brazil, inda aka tashi wasa Brazil na da 5, Sweden 2.

Can a Brazil, Pele ya taimaka wa Santos lashe babbar gasar ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa na Sao Paulo a 1958, inda ya kammala kakar a matsayin ɗan wasan da ya fi cin ƙwallaye.

A 1962, akwai wata fitacciyar nasara da suka samu a kan ƙungiyar Zakarun Turai wato Benfica.

Ƙwallo ukun da Pele ya ci a Lisbon, ta rusa lissafin ƙungiyar ta ƙasar Fotugal har golansu Costa Pereira ya yi masa jinjina.

“Na zo da burin na taka wa wani gawurtaccen mutum burki,” in ji shi. “Amma sai na koma cike da yardar cewa wani wanda ba a haife shi a duniya irin tamu ba, ya yi min kaca-kaca.”

An kama hanyar shan takaici a Gasar cin Kofin Duniya ta 1962, lokacin da rauni a wani wasan farko-farko ya yi sanadin ajiye Pele a sauran wasannin gasar. Hakan dai bai hana ƙungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa na duniya masu kuɗi, ciki har da Manchester United da Real Madrid, su yi ta rububi a ƙoƙarinsu na ɗaukar mutumin da tuni ake yi masa taken ɗan ƙwallon da ya fi shahara a duniya.

Fargabar da suka shiga saboda tunanin cewa tauraronsu zai tafi ƙasashen waje, ya sa gwamnatin Brazil ta ayyana shi a matsayin wata “kadarar al’ummar ƙasa” don hana shi tafiya.

Gasar cin Kofin Duniya ta 1966 ta sanya Pele da Brazil cikin gagarumin takaici. An takurawa Pele ta hanyar yi masa fawul sosai da sosai, musamman a wasannin da suka buga da Fotugal da Bulgeriya.

Brazil ta kasa kai wa zagayen gaba daga wasannin farko, raunukan da aka ji wa Pele daga masu zungurarsa, sun sa ya kasa sakin jiki ya buga ƙwallo yadda ya kamata.

Can a gida, Santos abubuwa sun lalace mata, Pele ya fara gaza bai wa ƙungiyar tasa gudunmawar da take buƙata.

Gawurtaccen rukunin ‘yan wasa

A 1969, Pele ya kusa kai wa shekara 30, kuma ya ƙi yin alƙawarin buga wa Brazil Gasar cin Kofin Duniya ta 1970 a Mexico.

Har ma sai da ya fuskanci bincike daga shugabannin sojoji masu mulkin kama-karya na ƙasarsa waɗanda suka zarge shi da nuna tausayi ga masu ra’ayin sauyi.

A ƙarshe, ya ci ƙwallo huɗu a wani wasa da za a iya cewa shi ne na ƙarshe da ya yi a wata Gasar Kofin Duniya, cikin ‘yan ƙwallon Brazil waɗanda ake jin su ne mafi fice a tarihi.

Lokaci mafi shahara ya zo ne a wasan rukuni da Brazil ta buga da Ingila.

Ƙwallon da ya sa kai, ga dukkan alamu ta tafi za ta kwanta a raga amma sai Gordon Banks ya yi tsigewar “nan irin ta tarihi a tsawon ƙarni”.

Duk da haka, nasarar Brazil ta 4 da 1 a kan Italiya a karawar ƙarshe ta sa sun ɗauki kofin mai taken Jules Rimet har abada saboda lashe shi har karo uku.

Pele, tabbas, shi ma ya ci ƙwallo.

Wasansa na ƙarshe da ya buga wa Brazil shi ne na ranar 18 ga watan Yulin 1971 tsakaninta da Yugoslavia a birnin Rio, inda kuma ya yi ritaya daga kulob ɗinsa na ƙasar a 1974.

Bayan shekara biyu, ya sa hannu kan kwanturagi da ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta New York Cosmos. Duk da yake ganiyar shahararsa ta wuce, amma sunansa kaɗai ya yi matuƙar ɗaga darajar ƙwallon ƙafa a Amurka.

A 1977, Santos, tsohon kulob ɗin Pele ya fafata da Cosmos a wani wasa da ya yi farin jinin ‘yan kallo don murnar yin ritayarsa daga buga ƙwallo.

Ya buga wa kowanne ɓangare tsawon rabin lokaci.

Tuni ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin ‘yan wasan da aka fi biyansu kuɗi da tsada a duniya, kuma har bayan ritayarsa Pele ya ci gaba da samun maƙudan kuɗaɗe.

Ya shiga harkar fim, inda ya bayyana tare da Sylvester Stallone da Michael Caine a cikin Escape to Victory na 1981.

Ya sa hannu kan yarjejeniyoyi masu yawa na ɗaukar nauyi da nuna goyon baya, sunansa har yanzu yana da gagarumin amo a faɗin duniya.

A 1992 ne, aka naɗa shi jakadan Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya kan sha’anin kula da muhalli, kafin daga bisani ita ma UNESCO ta naɗa shi jakadan zaman lafiya.

Bayan shekara biyar, an ba shi lambar girmamawa ta Knight Commander of the British Empire a wani biki da aka yi cikin Fadar Buckingham.

Bayan naɗa shi matsayin ministan wasanni da Shugaban Brazil Fernando Henrique Cardoso ya yi a 1995, Pele ya jagoranci ƙoƙarin kawo ƙarshen cin hanci da rashawa a harkar ƙwallon ƙafar Brazil.

An zartar da dokar da ake kira Dokar Pele – a 1998 – da yunƙurin zamanantar da harkokin wasanni a ƙasar.

Sai dai ya ajiye muƙaminsa na UNESCO bayan shi ma, an zarge shi da badaƙalar cin rashawa, ko da yake ba a iya samun shaida ba.