- Marubuci, Navin Singh Khadka
- Sanya sunan wanda ya rubuta labari, Environment correspondent, BBC World Service
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Mene ne ya haifar da mummunan yanayin zafin da wasu ƙasashen Turai ke fuskanta a wannan wata na Janairu?
Watanni kaɗan bayan fuskantar mummunan zafi da fari, ƙasashen Turai sun sake samun wani ba-zata – ana fuskantar wani matsanancin zafin da ba a taɓa ganin irin sa ba.
A cikin ƴan kwanakin nan an samu yanayin zafi da ya zarta 20c a ma’aunin yanayi a wasu ƙasashen Turai – har a wasu wuraren da a baya ake iya samun ƙasa da 0c a ma’aunin yanayi a irin wannan lokaci na shekara.
A shafukan sada zumunta wasu masana yanayi na bayyana wannan al’amari a matsayin abin da ya wuce sanin hankali da babu wanda zai iya bayani a kansa.
Ƙwararre kan yanayi kuma masanin tarihin yadda yanayi ke kasancewa a baya, Maxmiliano Herrera, ya shaida wa BBC cewar “mun ga abubuwan ban mamaki a lamarin yanayi.”
“A wasu lokutan yanayin zafi a cikin dare kan zarta yadda akan samu a watan Yuli (lokacin zafi), wanda hakan abin ta’ajibi ne a watan Janairu.”
Misali, yanayi a Warsaw, babban birnin ƙasar Poland ya kai maki 18.9c a ma’auni, a ranar Lahadi, a maimakon yadda aka saba gani a watannin Janairu, wato ƙasa da maki 4.8c zuwa 0.4c a kan ma’auni.
Waɗannan sabbin alƙaluma sun zarta wanda aka samu a shekaru 30 da suka gabata da maki 5c kan ma’auni.
Yanayi a birnin Dresden na ƙasar Jamus ya kai 19.4 a ranar 31 ga watan Disamba, wanda ya karya tarihin maki 17.7c na ma’auni, da aka samu a 1961.
Ɗaruruwan tashoshin tattara bayanan yanayi a nahiyar Turai sun samu maki mafi yawa na zafi, irin wanda ba a taɓa samu ba a watannin Disamba da Janairu na shekarun baya, in ji Hukumar Kula da Yanayi ta Duniya.
An dakatar dakatar da wasannin zamiya da dama saboda ƙarancin dusar ƙanƙara da ke taruwa a ƙasa.
Ana iya ganin tantagaryar tsauni a ƙasar Switzerland, haka ne ke faruwa Austria, in ji farfesa Jeto Knutti na jami’ar ETH Zurich.
Ana fuskantar wannan zafi ne bayan matsanancin yanayin zafi da aka fuskanta a Amurka, wanda ya kashe mutum sama da 60.
A tsakiyar watan Disamba ma yanayin sanyin ya yi wa ƙasashen na Turai ta-leƙo-ta-koma, sai dai bayan lokaci kaɗan lamarin ya sauya.
Hukumar Kula da Yanayi ta Duniya ta ce ana fuskantar matsanancin zafin ne saboda ɗumin da iska ta kaɗa daga yankin Afirka.
Wadda ta biyo gabashin tekun Atlantika, inda yanayin zafi ya ƙaru da maki ɗaya zuwa biyu a kan yadda aka saba.
Asalin hoton, Getty Images
Sai dai wasu masanan sun iskar da ke kaɗawa a kusa da maƙurar duniya ta taka rawa wajen tsananta zafin.
Wasu masanan sun ce sauyin yanayi a baya-bayan nan ya sanya iskar na rangaji sosai a yadda take kaɗawa, abin da ke ƙara haifar da tsanantar yanayin zafi da na sanyi lokaci zuwa lokaci.
Asalin hoton, Getty Images
Duniya ta fuskanci ɗumamar yanayi da ya kai maki 1.1 na ma’aunin salshiyas tun bayan da bunƙasar masana’antu ta haifar da yawaitar ƙona sinadarai masu gurɓata muhalli a shekarun 1980.
Masana kimiyya sun ce ana buƙatar rage fitar da sinadarin carbon da kashi 45% daga 2010 zuwa 2030, matuƙar duniya na son ta taƙaita ɗumamar yanayi a maki 1.5 domin kauce wa mummunan sauyin yanayi.
